Which elements are cited as contributing to reading strategies and comprehension?

• A. Language cues, syntactic, semantic and graphic cues
• B. Visual context alone
• C. Phonetic decoding only
• D. Memory for unrelated facts

Answer: (A)

Understanding text comes from using multiple cues from language, sentence structure, word meaning, and the text’s features. Language cues help you grasp the author's purpose, tone, and vocabulary, guiding you toward the overall meaning. Syntactic cues—the way sentences are built—reveal how ideas are related, showing connections like cause and effect or sequence. Semantic cues involve word meanings and concept relationships, enabling you to infer and integrate information. Graphic cues, such as headings, bold terms, charts, and diagrams, point you to how the text is organized and where key details sit. Together, these cues support active reading strategies like predicting, monitoring comprehension, asking questions, and summarizing. Relying only on visual context misses the linguistic and structural information that helps you understand, while phonetic decoding focuses on pronunciation rather than meaning, and memory for unrelated facts doesn’t directly contribute to understanding the text.